A cask initially contains pure alcohol up to the brim.
A cask initially contains pure alcohol up to the brim. The cask can be emptied by removing exactly 5 liters at a time . Each time this is done, the cask must be filled back to the brim with water. The capacity of the cask is 15 liters. When the cask is completely emptied and filled back to the brim two times, what is the ratio of alcohol to water in the cask
Answer/Solution
4/5
Steps/Work
You are given that the initial quantity of the cask is 15 l. So for the changing of the liquids,
The first time you remove 5 l of pure alcohol---> 10 l of alcohol remaining and you add 5 l of water. Ratio of alcohol in the remaining mixture = 10/(10+5) = 10/15 =2/3, similarly water = 1/3.
The second time you remove 5 l of the mixture having alcohol = 5*2/3 = 10/3 --> remaining alcohol = 10-10/3 =20/3
Similarly, the amount of water removed = 5*1/3=5/3 ---> remaining water = 5-5/3=10/3 but you also add 5 l more of water --> total water now = 5+10/3 = 25/3
Finally, ratio asked = 20/3 / 25/3 = 20/25 = 4/5
A is the correct answer.
The first time you remove 5 l of pure alcohol---> 10 l of alcohol remaining and you add 5 l of water. Ratio of alcohol in the remaining mixture = 10/(10+5) = 10/15 =2/3, similarly water = 1/3.
The second time you remove 5 l of the mixture having alcohol = 5*2/3 = 10/3 --> remaining alcohol = 10-10/3 =20/3
Similarly, the amount of water removed = 5*1/3=5/3 ---> remaining water = 5-5/3=10/3 but you also add 5 l more of water --> total water now = 5+10/3 = 25/3
Finally, ratio asked = 20/3 / 25/3 = 20/25 = 4/5
A is the correct answer.